Envíe este artículo por correo electrónico Comportamiento clínico de la técnica de elevación del margen profundo en restauraciones indirectas. Revisión sistemática
Resumen
La técnica de elevación del margen profundo aborda el desafío de restaurar lesiones cariosas con márgenes subgingivales, que dificultan el aislamiento, la polimerización y la toma de impresiones, comprometiendo la salud periodontal y la longevidad de las restauraciones. A diferencia de métodos como la extrusión ortodóncica o el alargamiento quirúrgico de corona, esta técnica reposiciona el margen a nivel supragingival, facilitando el tratamiento y preservando la arquitectura gingival. Esta revisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo evaluar su comportamiento clínico en restauraciones indirectas. Se realizó una revisión sistemática guiada por el protocolo PRISMA y registrada en PROSPERO. La búsqueda abarcó estudios clínicos publicados entre 2015 y 2025 en bases de datos como PubMed y Scopus. Se aplicaron criterios de inclusión rigurosos, seleccionando estudios que evaluaran la técnica de elevación de margen profundo en restauraciones indirectas con seguimiento mínimo de un año. Para la evaluación metodológica se utilizaron herramientas como ROBINS-I, CONSORT, MINORS y la escala Newcastle-Ottawa, permitiendo valorar el riesgo de sesgo y la calidad de los estudios incluidos. En los resultados encontrados de 1101 artículos identificados, 3 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Estos reportaron tasas de supervivencia del 96,8% al 100%, buena adaptación marginal y estabilidad periodontal. No hubo pérdida ósea ni inflamación significativa. Las restauraciones realizadas con esta técnica mostraron alta calidad clínica, incluso en márgenes subgingivales, y fueron compatibles con la salud gingival. Es una técnica conservadora y eficaz para restauraciones indirectas en dientes posteriores; mejora la adaptación marginal, preserva tejidos y reduce consultas.
RECIBIDO: 06/12/2025 - ACEPTADO: 28/03/2026
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