Fibrina inyectable con ácido hialurónico como sistema de liberación intradérmica. Ensayo preclínico en modelo murino
Resumen
INTRODUCCIÓN: En armonización orofacial los sistemas autólogos inyectables para liberación intradérmica (SLC) son una innovación. Podrían cargarse con activos como aminoácidos, o ácido hialurónico para potenciar su acción. El ácido hialurónico (AH) de baja reticulación se ha valorado ampliamente en la reestructuración cutánea, pero no hay evidencia que demuestre sus efectos cutáneos cuando se le administra en un SLC de fibrina rica en plaquetas inyectable (iPRF). OBJETIVO: Evaluar histomorfométricamente la efectividad del SLC iPRF- AH versus AH en la reestructuración cutánea. METODO: Se administraron vía intradérmica los tratamientos en 13 ratas BIOU Wistar divididas en grupo control-control (3), grupo experimental iPRF + AH (5) y grupo control AH (5). A las 4 semanas se obtuvieron muestras cutáneas para ulterior análisis histológico. Los hallazgos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva en el SPSS V19. RESULTADOS: El AH, no mostró infiltrado inflamatorio, cambios celulares reactivos, ni reacción inflamatoria a cuerpo extraño. Mostró escasos folículos pilosos (80%) y vasos sanguíneos (20%), tejido conectivo laxo (80%) con fibras colágenas tipo I separadas (60%) y algunas fragmentadas (20%), escaso edema intercelular (60%), número de fibroblastos moderado (80%), epidermis delgada con membrana basal ondulante (100%)y grosor dérmico moderado (80%) . En iPRF+AH tampoco se observó infiltrado inflamatorio, reacción a cuerpo extraño o cambios celulares reactivos. Mostró escasos vasos sanguíneos (20%), escasos folículos pilosos (100%), tejido conectivo laxo con fibras colágenas delgadas y fragmentadas (80%), moderado volumen intercelular (80%), celularidad de fibroblastos moderada (60%), epidermis delgada con membrana basal ondulante (100%) y grosor dérmico delgado (60%). CONCLUSIONES: El iPRF+ AH genera menor bioestimulación de los fibroblastos que AH control, por lo que la mejor calidad de las fibras colágenas fue observada con el AH sin conjugar. iPRF+ AH conduce a un considerable mayor volumen intercelular, benéfico para propósitos de hidratación pues no está asociado a respuesta inflamatoria o cambios celulares. El SLC iPRF+AH evita la respuesta inflamatoria tardía y restringe la alopecia observada al administrar AH. Se recomienda estudiar el comportamiento del sistema iPRF +AH en modelos envejecimiento cutáneo avanzado.
Recibido: 07-01-23 Aceptado: 01-02-23Palabras clave
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