Enfermedades crónicas y multiparidad afectan los títulos neutralizantes anti-SARS-CoV-2 Generados en leche materna por la primovacunacion con Abdala

Maylin Pérez-Bernal, Carlos Hernández, Rafael Ibargollín, Midalis Martínez, Migdiala Soria, Magali Delgado, Enrique Pérez, José M. Sánchez-Ríos

Resumen


Este trabajo analizó la influencia de las enfermedades crónicas, la edad y la paridad, de puérperas inmunizadas el esquema primario de la vacuna Abdala, sobre los títulos de anticuerpos anti-RBD del SARS-CoV-2 en la leche materna que neutralizan la interacción RBD-ACE2. Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico unicéntrico con muestras de leche materna de 104 puérperas, organizadas en dos grupos: 5 y 9 semanas después de la primovacunación con Abdala. Los títulos de anticuerpos anti-RBD IgA e IgG se determinaron mediante ELISA indirecto. La inhibición de la interacción RBD-ACE2 se evaluó con un ensayo subrogado de neutralización. Los títulos neutralizantes obtenidos de esta prueba se correlacionaron con la paridad y la edad de las participantes y con la presencia de enfermedades crónicas. La IgA anti-RBD predominó sobre el isotipo IgG hasta 9 semanas después de la primovacunación. Los anticuerpos anti-RBD inhibieron la interacción RBD-ACE2, de manera estable de 5 a 9 semanas post-vacunación. Los títulos de anticuerpos neutralizantes no correlacionaron con la edad de las participantes, pero disminuyeron en las multíparas y en aquellas con al menos una enfermedad crónica no transmisible. Este trabajo refiere, por primera vez, el efecto decreciente de las enfermedades crónicas y la multiparidad sobre los títulos de anticuerpos neutralizantes anti-SARS-CoV-2, generados en leche materna por una vacuna anti-COVID-19.

Recibido: 14/08/2024
Aceptado: 06/09/2024


Palabras clave


vacuna Abdala; leche materna; anticuerpos neutralizantes del SARS-CoV-2; enfermedad crónica no transmisible; paridad

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Referencias


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DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.53766/AcBio/

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