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Consecuencias emocionales y alternativas de intervención psicológica en sujetos con obesidad
Resumen
La epidemia de exceso de peso y obesidad afecta cada vez a más personas y en la actualidad es un problema global de rápida propagación. Los sujetos obesos, aparte de presentar alteraciones fisiopatológicas que conducen a enfermedades con complicaciones agudas y crónicas, también pueden experimentar dificultades conductuales y de funcionamiento psico-social. Existe evidencia que demuestra que las personas obesas tienen menor autoestima, una imagen corporal negativa, menor sentido de autoeficacia e incapacidad para cambiar situaciones personales o sociales específicas, a menudo, sufren trastornos del estado de ánimo y depresión. Debido a la naturaleza multidisciplinaria de esta condición, el tratamiento médico o quirúrgico de la obesidad generalmente no es efectivo si no es posible combinar la cooperación de médicos, nutricionistas-dietistas y psicólogos. Las intervenciones psicológicas pueden acelerar y fortalecer el efecto del tratamiento dietético y la actividad física, que son elementos claves para disminuir el exceso de peso corporal. El objetivo de la revisión es evaluar las consecuencias emocionales y alternativas de intervención psicológica en sujetos con obesidad.
Recibido: 24 de Abril de 2020. Aceptado: 24 deAbril de 2022.Palabras clave
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