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Conglomeración del Internet de las cosas, blockchain y seguridad en la atención médica: una revisión sistemática
Resumen
El uso de herramientas y técnicas informáticas en el ámbito médico ha tenido un impacto significativo, abriendo un amplio abanico de oportunidades para los servicios de salud electrónica (*eHealth*). La tecnología *blockchain* tiene el potencial de convertirse en una poderosa herramienta digital para mejorar la comunicación y cubrir las carencias en el intercambio de datos médicos. Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda bibliográfica exhaustiva en importantes bases de datos, como Medline, dando lugar a una revisión sistemática sobre el Internet de las Cosas (IoT), *blockchain* y seguridad. Se destacaron cinco artículos de investigación científica originales, publicados entre 2020 y 2024, relacionados con dicha temática. *Blockchain* es una tecnología potente con capacidad para transformar significativamente el sector sanitario. No obstante, para lograr una aceptación generalizada de esta tecnología, aún se requieren investigaciones y estudios exhaustivos. La integración de la tecnología *blockchain* con el aprendizaje profundo (*deep learning*) híbrido ofrece numerosas ventajas, entre ellas una mayor escalabilidad, seguridad reforzada, mejor interoperabilidad y una toma de decisiones más eficaz en los sistemas de salud. Sin embargo, para una implementación exitosa, es preciso abordar desafíos como la complejidad computacional, el cumplimiento normativo y las consideraciones éticas. Los sistemas sanitarios pueden superar las limitaciones convencionales mediante el uso de *blockchain* y aprendizaje profundo híbrido; esto fomentará la investigación médica y permitirá una gestión de datos segura y eficaz, así como una atención personalizada al paciente. El marco propuesto prioriza la escalabilidad, la seguridad y la mejora de los resultados clínicos, sentando las bases para un futuro ecosistema sanitario. En esta revisión sistemática se analiza información detallada sobre el IoT, *blockchain* y la seguridad.
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