Efecto de la exposición prenatal al paraquat (gramoxone® n.f.) en ratas biou: wistar. Estudio preliminar
Effect of prenatal exposure to paraquat (gramoxone® n.f.) in biou rats: wistar. Preliminary study
Resumen
El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar el efecto de la exposición prenatal al paraquat (PQ) sobre la formación craneofacial y corporal en ratas BIOU: Wistar. Metodología: estudio experimental, con cincuenta ratas gestantes, distribuidas en cinco grupos: PQ1 y PQ2, recibieron respectivamente 2 y 3 mg/kg de PQ vía subcutánea (SC); vitamina A (control positivo): tratado con 100.000 U.I. de vitamina A vía intragástrica (IG) y grupos controles (agua destilada, vía SC y vía IG). Los tratamientos fueron administrados desde el 6º al 15º día de gestación. Se comparó el peso materno los días 6, 14 y 21. Este último día se practicó laparotomía y determinó el número de implantaciones, reabsorciones, fetos vivos, muertos, peso y talla fetal, y la presencia de alteraciones craneofaciales y corporales. Resultados: no hubo diferencia significativa en la ganancia de peso materno entre los grupos. En los grupos PQ 2mg/Kg y vitamina A se registró, respectivamente, el mayor número de fetos muertos y reabsorciones. El peso y talla de los fetos del grupo vitamina A fue inferior (p<0,05) al resto. El grupo PQ 2mg/kg presentó mayor cantidad de malformaciones corporales. En el grupo vitamina A se observó macroglosia, hendidura labial y edema generalizado. Conclusión: se demostró la presencia de malformaciones corporales en fetos expuestos durante el período prenatal al PQ, evidenciando un efecto teratógeno, no dependiente de la dosis, en la línea de ratas BIOU: Wistar. Se recomienda aumentar el número de ratas gestadas, para evaluar estos resultados en futuras investigaciones.
The aim of the research was to determine the effect of prenatal exposure to the paraquat (PQ) on craniofacial and body conformation in BIOU rats: Wistar. Methodology: fifty pregnant rats were distributed in five groups: PQ1 and PQ2, respectively received 2 and 3 mg / kg of PQ via subcutaneous (s.c); vitamin A (positive control): treated with 100,000 IU of vitamin A intragastric route (i.g) and control groups (distilled water, s.c route and i.g route). The treatments were administered from 6th to the 15th day of gestation. On days 6, 14 and 21 the maternal weight was compared. On the last day, a laparotomy was performed and the number of implantations, reabsorptions, live and dead fetuses, fetal weight and height, and the presence of craniofacial and body alterations were determined. Results: there was no significant difference in maternal weight gain between the groups. In the PQ 2mg / Kg and vitamin A groups, the highest number of dead fetuses and reabsorptions were respectively registered. The fetuses weight and height in the vitamin A group was lower (p <0.05) than the rest. The PQ 2 mg / kg group presented a greater number of body malformations. In vitamin A group macroglossia, cleft lip and generalized edema were observed. Conclusion: The presence of body malformations was demonstrated in fetuses exposed during the prenatal period to PQ, showing a teratogenic effect, not dependent on the dose, in the BIOU: Wistar line of rats. It is recommended to increase the number of pregnant rats, to evaluate these results in future research.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.53766/GICOS
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