Factores de riesgo asociados a la presencia de caries dental en niños con labio y paladar fisurado de cinco regiones del Perú
Risk factors associated with the presence of dental caries in children with cleft lip and palate from five regions of Peru
Resumen
Objetivo: Establecer los factores de riesgo asociados a la presencia de caries dental en niños de cero a 12 años con labio y paladar fisurado de las regiones de Arequipa, Cusco, Puno, Junín y Lima. Metodología: Estudio analítico, transversal, retrospectivo. La muestra estuvo constituida por 216 niños con fisura de labio y paladar de cero a 12 años de cinco regiones del Perú que acudieron a evaluación odontopediátrica durante los años 2018 al 2023. El muestreo fue no probabilístico y para medir caries dental se usó el índice ceod/CPOD y para los factores de riesgo se midió la higiene oral (Green y Vermillon), la dieta inadecuada (lactancia nocturna y golpes de azúcar). Resultados: la prevalencia de caries dental observada fue con una media máxima de ceod de 2,96 (Junín) para menores de tres años, de 10,10 (Cusco) de cuatro a seis años y de 8,64 (Junín) para siete a 12 años. En cuanto a la dieta inadecuada se encontró que la lactancia nocturna con fórmula tuvo una asociación significativa en todas las regiones estudiadas y se encontró que solo Lima se mantuvo con valores de asociación significativos para golpes de azúcar (p<0,001). Para la higiene oral se vio una asociación significativa en Cusco (p=0,004), Arequipa (p=0,001) y Puno (p<0.001). Conclusión: Se encontró una asociación de la higiene oral y dieta inadecuada para la presencia de caries dental en niños con fisura de labio y paladar de cero a 12 años.
ABSTRACT:
Objective: To establish the risk factors associated with the presence of dental caries in children from 0 to 12 years of age with cleft lip and palate in the regions of Arequipa, Cusco, Puno, Junín and Lima. Methodology: The type of study was analytical, cross-sectional, retrospective. The sample consisted of 216 children with cleft lip and palate from 0 to 12 years of age from 5 regions of Peru who attended pediatric dentistry evaluation during the years 2018 to 2023. The sampling was non-probabilistic and the dmft/DMFT index was used to measure dental caries and for risk factors, oral hygiene (Green and Vermillon), inadequate diet (nocturnal breastfeeding and sugar shocks) were measured. Results: The prevalence of dental caries observed was with a maximum mean ceod of 2.96 (Junín) for children under 3 years of age, 10.10 (Cusco) from 4 to 6 years and 8.64 (Junín) for 7 years to 12 years. Regarding the inadequate diet, it was found that nocturnal feeding with formula had a significant association in all the regions studied and it was found that only Lima maintained significant association values for sugar shocks (p=0.001). For oral hygiene, a significant association was seen in Cusco (p=0.004), Arequipa (p=0.001) and Puno (p=0.001). Conclusion: A statistically significant association of oral hygiene and inadequate diet was found for the presence of dental caries in children with cleft lip and palate from 0 to 12 years of age.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53766/GICOS/2023.08.03.05
Recibido: 14-07-2023. Aceptado: 07-09-2023. Publicado: 26-10-2023
Palabras clave
Referencias
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Depósito Legal Electrónico: ME2016000090
ISSN Electrónico: 2610-797X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.53766/GICOS
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