Factores de riesgo de caries dental en niños preescolares con fisura de labio y paladar
Risk factors of dental caries in preschool children with cleft lip and palate
Resumen
DOI:https://doi.org/10.53766/GICOS/2024.09.02.02
RESUMEN
Objetivo: identificar los factores de riesgo de caries dental en niños preescolares con labio y paladar fisurado. Metodología: estudio de tipo analítico transversal donde participaron 70 niños de 3 a 6 años con FLAP que fueron atendidos por el servicio de odontopediatría de la Organización No Gubernamental Qorito (Lima-Perú), de enero a diciembre del 2022. Las variables analizadas fueron caries dental, higiene oral, dieta, tipo de fisura, sexo, edad. Los análisis aplicados fueron la evaluación de Spearman, la prueba de Chi cuadrado y la regresión logística múltiple. Resultados: la prevalencia de caries dental en niños con FLAP fue del 92,9%. Para esto se empleó un índice que codifica los dientes deciduos como cariados, extraídos y obturados (CEOD) con manchas blancas. Además, se encontró que el tipo de fisura es un factor de riesgo para la caries dental con un (OR) de 3,15. Conclusión: la caries dental tiene una relación significativa con una deficiente higiene oral. A su vez, los niños con labio y paladar fisurado con una buena higiene oral tenían menos probabilidades de desarrollar caries dental que aquellos con una higiene oral deficiente.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Identify the risk factors of dental caries in preschool children with cleft lip and palate. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study of pediatric patients of the pediatric dentistry service of the Qorito Non-Governmental Organization for cleft lip and palate patients in Lima, Peru. 70 Cleft Lip Palate (CLP) children aged 3–6 years were enrolled. The analyzed variables were dental caries, oral hygiene, diet, type of cleft, sex, and age. The applied analyses were Spearman’s correlation, Chi-squared test, and multiple logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of dental caries in CLP children was 92,9%. The index that encodes the deciduous teeth with dental caries damages (dmf) with white spots as decayed, extracted, and obturated was used. Furthermore, it was found that the type of fissure is a risk factor for dental caries with an (OR) of 3.15. Conclusion: Dental caries has a significant relationship with poor oral hygiene. In turn, children with cleft lip and palate with good oral hygiene were less likely to develop dental cavities than those with poor oral hygiene.
Recibido: 03-03-2024
Aprobado: 05-04-2024
Publicado: 25-05-2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.53766/GICOS
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