Equilibrio estado-dinámico, fuerza muscular, parámetros de la marcha y capacidad del ejercicio en adultos mayores con diabetes tipo 2
Framingham scale and eular recommendations as indices of cardiovascular risk assessment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Tania Alvarado-Santiago, Regina Medina Espinoza, Nita Giannina Lovato Sánchez, Victor Reynaldo Herencia Torres

Resumen


Objetivo: comparar características basales y funcionales entre adultos mayores con y sin diabetes tipo 2, identificando equilibrio, fuerza muscular y velocidad de la marcha, que puedan estar asociadas con la presencia de diabetes tipo 2. Método: diseño de casos y controles con adultos mayores de 60 años de Lima Metropolitana. Los criterios de inclusión para los casos fue tener un diagnóstico de Diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2), uso regular de fármacos antidiabéticos recetados y un control glucémico regular, mientras que los criterios de exclusión incluyeron complicaciones de la DM2 y limitaciones que afectaran la capacidad de marcha. Para los controles, se incluyeron adultos mayores de 60 años con controles de salud recientes, excluyendo condiciones que afectaran la capacidad de marcha. Se recolectaron datos utilizando instrumentos específicos para evaluar el equilibrio estado-dinámico, fuerza muscular, parámetros de la marcha, edad, sexo, peso, talla e índice de masa corporal. Resultados: no se encontraron diferencias significativas en las características basales entre los dos grupos. Sin embargo, se observaron diferencias notables en funciones como el equilibrio, la fuerza muscular y la velocidad de marcha, siendo inferiores en los adultos mayores con diabetes tipo 2. Conclusiones: se confirmó una relación significativa entre la disminución de las capacidades funcionales y la presencia de diabetes tipo 2. Los hallazgos sugieren que la evaluación de las capacidades funcionales es crucial en adultos mayores para detectar y manejar eficazmente la diabetes tipo 2. Mejorar estas capacidades podría ser clave en el control de la enfermedad y en la mejora de la calidad de vida.

Objective: to compare baseline and functional characteristics between older adults with and without type 2 diabetes, identifying balance, muscle strength and gait speed, which may be associated with the presence of type 2 diabetes. Method: case-control design with older adults 60 years old from Metropolitan Lima. Inclusion criteria for cases were having a diagnosis of Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM), regular use of prescribed antidiabetic drugs, and regular glycemic control, while exclusion criteria included complications of T2DM and limitations affecting walking ability. For controls, adults over 60 years of age with recent health checkups were included, excluding conditions that affected walking ability. Data were collected using specific instruments to evaluate state-dynamic balance, muscle strength, gait parameters, age, sex, weight, height, and body mass index. Results: no significant differences were found in baseline characteristics between the two groups. However, notable differences were observed in functions such as balance, muscle strength and walking speed, being lower in older adults with type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: a significant relationship was confirmed between the decrease in functional abilities and the presence of type 2 diabetes. The findings suggest that the evaluation of functional abilities is crucial in older adults to detect and effectively manage type 2 diabetes. Improving these abilities could be key in controlling the disease and improving the quality of life.

Recibido: 01-05-2024
Aprobado: 20-06-2024
Publicado: 01-11-2024


Palabras clave


diabetes tipo 2; adultos mayores; equilibrio; fuerza muscular; velocidad de la marcha; calidad de vida; type 2 diabetes; older adults; balance; muscle strength; walking speed; quality of life.

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Referencias


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