Calidad de vida autopercibida en usuarios de sobredentaduras de implante único

Ingrid Andrade Meira, Mayara Abreu Pinheiro, Renata Cunha Matheus Rodrigues Garcia

Resumen


https://doi.org/10.53766/ROLA/2022.17.01.02

 

La calidad de vida relacionada con la salud oral (CVRSO) demuestra el impacto del tratamiento protésico en la calidad de vida del paciente desde su propia perspectiva. Este estudio clínico comparativo evaluó por medio de diferentes instrumentos, la CVRSO de adultos mayores posterior a la instalación de nuevas prótesis totales (PTs) convencionales y sobredentaduras mandibulares retenidas por un implante único (SMRI). Se evaluó la CVRSO de 22 adultos mayores que utilizaban PTs antiguas y desadaptadas aplicando el Perfil de Impacto en la Salud Oral (OHIP-EDENT), el Impacto Dental en la Vida Diaria (DIDL) y el Índice de Evaluación de la Salud Oral Geriátrica (GOHAI). Se instalaron PTs convencionales y tras 2 meses de uso, la CVRSO fue evaluada. Posteriormente, los adultos mayores recibieron un único implante en la región de la sínfisis mentoniana y posterior a la osteointegración, los nuevas PTs convencionales se convirtieron en SMRIs. Tras otros 2 meses de uso de las SMRIs, la CVRSO fue reevaluada con los mismos instrumentos. Los resultados indicaron que tras la instalación de las nuevas PTs y las SMRIs mejoraron la CVRSO de los adultos mayores (P<0,05) en comparación a las PTs antiguas. Los índices globales del OHIPEDENT y del GOHAI, así como los aspectos de rendimiento general, de alimentación y masticación del DIDL también mejoraron (P<0,05) con el uso de los SMRIs. Se concluye que los nuevos PTs convencionales y los SMRIs tienen un impacto positivo en la CVRSO autoreferida por los adultos mayores usuarios de PTs insatisfactorias.


Palabras clave


Prótesis total; sobredentaduras; implantes dentales

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Referencias


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