Vitamina B12 y trastornos hematológicos en la edad adulta tardía
Vitamin B12 and hematological disorders in late adulthood
Resumen
Objetivo: analizar la vitamina B12 y su relación con los trastornos hematológicos en la edad adulta tardía, evaluando biomarcadores de mayor interés y confiabilidad en el diagnóstico del déficit de esta vitamina. Metodología: se realizó un diseño analítico, transversal, de campo que relacionó las causas entre sí, obteniendo los indicadores de vitamina B12 y trastornos hematológicos en el adulto mayor. Se incluyeron a 85 pacientes provenientes del cantón Tisaleo de la provincia de Tungurahua caracterizados por ser adultos mayores de 65 a 90 años, tanto hombres como mujeres, independientemente de etnia, raza, o situación social-económica Resultados: no se encontró una asociación entre los niveles bajos de vitamina B12 con algún trastorno hematológico, dado que los valores medios de la muestra están dentro de los parámetros normales. Sin embargo, en el percentil 25 y 50 se encontraron concentraciones disminuidas de vitamina B12, pero los valores de hemoglobina (HBG), hematocrito (HCT) y volumen corpuscular medio (VCM) estaban normales. En el percentil 75 los niveles de vitamina B12 se encontraron normales, pero dentro de los componentes del hemograma, el volumen corpuscular medio (VCM) se identificó levemente elevado. Conclusiones: la vitamina B12 es una sustancia esencial que participa en distintos mecanismos metabólicos de las personas. En el estudio se determinó que los niveles de esta vitamina están dentro de los parámetros normales y no se asoció con algún trastorno hematológico.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To analyze vitamin B12 and its relationship with hematological disorders in late adulthood, evaluating biomarkers of greater interest and reliability in the diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency. Methodology: An analytical, cross-sectional, field design was carried out that relates the causes to each other, obtaining the indicators of vitamin B12 and hematological disorders in the elderly. We included 85 patients from the Tisaleo canton of the province of Tungurahua characterized by being adults aged 65 to 90 years, both men and women, regardless of ethnicity, race, or social-economic situation Results: No association was found between low levels of vitamin B12 with any hematological disorder, since the mean values of the sample are within normal parameters. However, decreased vitamin B12 concentrations were found at the 25th and 50th percentiles, but hemoglobin (HBG), hematocrit (HCT), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) values were normal. At the 75th percentile, vitamin B12 levels were normal, but within the components of the blood count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was slightly elevated. Conclusions: Vitamin B12 is an essential substance that participates in different metabolic mechanisms of people. The study determined that levels of this vitamin are within normal parameters and was not associated with any hematological disorder.
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Referencias
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ISSN Electrónico: 2610-797X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.53766/GICOS
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