Envíe este artículo por correo electrónico Interferencia e interacción interlingüística en el uso bilingüe del lenguaje en plataformas digitales
Resumen
El objetivo de la investigación era estudiar los mecanismos de interferencia e interacción interlingüísticas en los procesos de producción y comprensión del lenguaje en personas bilingües, haciendo hincapié en el papel de la similitud léxica, el control cognitivo y el tipo de experiencia lingüística. La investigación se llevó a cabo mediante un experimento psicolingüístico que utilizaba tareas de decisión léxica y producción del habla, incluyendo cognados, falsos cognados, homógrafos interlingüísticos y vocabulario neutro. Para el análisis, se emplearon indicadores de tiempo de reacción, precisión de respuesta, índices de competencia interlingüística y análisis cualitativo de errores del habla, pausas y autocorrecciones. Los resultados mostraron la presencia de una activación no selectiva de las representaciones léxicas de ambas lenguas, la cual se manifiesta en efectos
facilitadores para los cognados y efectos de interferencia para los falsos cognados y homógrafos interlingüísticos. Los datos confirmaron que la intensidad de la competencia interlingüística depende de la relación entre la similitud formal y semántica, y que superar el conflicto léxico requiere mecanismos de control inhibitorio. Los resultados son coherentes con los modelos modernos de acceso léxico no selectivo y control inhibitorio,
además de aclararlos en el contexto de la experiencia lingüística individual de los bilingües. La importancia práctica de la investigación radica en la posibilidad de aplicar las conclusiones para mejorar los métodos de enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras, la formación en traducción y el diagnóstico de dificultades lingüísticas en entornos bilingües. Los estudios futuros deben ampliar la muestra, emplear métodos neurocognitivos y analizar la interacción interlingüística en contextos comunicativos naturales y de cambio de código
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